Carruccio, Ettore (2006), Mathematics And Logic in History And in Contemporary Thought, Aldine Transaction, ISBN0202308502 .
Crump, Thomas (1992), The Japanese Numbers Game: The Use and Understanding of Numbers in Modern Japan, Routledge, ISBN0415056098 .
Ifrah, Georges (2001), The Universal History of Computing: From the Abacus to the Quantum Computer, New York: John Wiley & Sons .
Körner, Thomas William; Langer, William Leonard (1996), The Pleasures of Counting, Houghton Mifflin Books, ISBN0521568234 .
Mollin, Richard Anthony (tháng 9 năm 1998), Fundamental Number Theory with Applications, CRC Press, ISBN0849339871 Chú thích sử dụng tham số |month= bị phản đối (trợ giúp).
Peng Yoke Ho (2000), Li, Qi and Shu: An Introduction to Science and Civilization in China, Courier Dover Publications, ISBN0486414450 .
Pullan, J. M. (1968), The History of the Abacus, London: Books That Matter, ISBN0-09-089410-3 .
Reilly, Edwin D.; Langer, William Leonard (2004), Concise Encyclopedia of Computer Science, John Wiley and Sons, ISBN0470090952 .
Smith, David Eugene (1958), History of Mathematics (Volume 2), Courier Dover Publications, ISBN0486204308 .
Stearns, Peter N.; Langer, William Leonard (2001), The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged, Houghton Mifflin Books, ISBN0395652375 .
ed. in chief Frederick C. Mish (2003), Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (ấn bản 11), Merriam-Webster, Inc, ISBN0877798095 .
